Dogs are one of the most commonly owned pets. They’re often referred to as man’s best friend. People love dogs because they bring joy, and they are playful and loyal, also can be used to assist elderly and sick people. However, just like humans, dogs can suffer from many ailments. This article discusses the most common dog ailments and ways to prevent them to maintain dogs’ health and well-being.
1. Canine Parvovirus “parvo”
Parvovirus is a fatal and highly contagious dog disease caused by canine parvovirus type 2, which affects particularly puppies. Parvo’s main signs and symptoms are gastrointestinal, such as vomiting and often severe and bloody diarrhea. It can also cause fever, loss of appetite, and lethargy.
Parvo can be spread by direct contact between dogs and contaminated surfaces and stools. This virus can survive for years in the soil. It needs intensive and immediate treatment, however, dogs may still die despite the treatment. Luckily, the Parvo vaccine is available and recommended for every dog to prevent this disease.
2. Canine Distemper
Canine distemper is an often fatal and highly contagious viral dog disease that affects the respiratory system (fever, cough, nasal, and eye discharges), gastrointestinal system (vomiting and diarrhea), and nervous system (seizures and paralysis).
Treatment includes supportive care. Luckily, the canine distemper vaccine is available and recommended for every dog to prevent this disease.
3. Canine Influenza “Canine Flu/ Dog Flu”
Dog flu is a relatively new contagious respiratory dog disease caused by specific Type A viruses (canine influenza viruses). Death caused by this virus is uncommon. Symptoms may vary from asymptomatic (dogs may be infected without symptoms and still spread the virus) to severe, including cough, fever, and runny nose.
Treatment focuses on supportive care with hydration. If a secondary bacterial infection is suspected, a broad-spectrum antibiotic is prescribed. The canine influenza vaccine is available; however, it is still unknown if it protects against all virus types.
4. Heartworms
Heartworm is a serious but preventable infection caused by parasite worms that affect the heart and lungs of dogs. It also infects other animals. This disease is potentially fatal if left untreated.
Symptoms include fatigue after moderate exercise, weight loss due to loss of appetite, cough, and difficulty breathing. Serious complications are unlikely if the dog is in good health. The dog needs complete rest while being treated at the hospital and sometime after the last treatment.
]Prevention Tips
1. Vaccination:
Vaccines are key to preventing dog illnesses. Dogs must receive all core vaccines, such as those against parvovirus, distemper, and other viruses. Vaccines also boost dogs’ immune systems.
2. Hygiene and Grooming:
Dogs must be cleaned and groomed, they must be bathed and brushed to remove excess hair and dirt. Also, dental hygiene is essential to prevent dental diseases.
3. Proper Nutrition:
Dogs must receive high-quality pet food, whether commercial or homemade. Their meals should be full of essential nutrients according to their age, size, and activity level.
4. Regular Vet Check-ups:
For early detection and prevention of diseases, dogs should routinely have veterinary visits.
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